After a fine needle biopsy (FNA) was discussed in Part 2, and the possibility of their susceptibility to the proposed test results, which are sometimes inconclusive, may require additional tests, such as: a cardiac needle biopsy, vacuum biopsy aid or surgical (open surgery) biopsy. These biopsies offer more complete results that can be used to review the staging and treatment of cancer.
Needle core biopsy - If the mass of the mammary gland was established by ultrasound, mammogram ([stereotactic core needle biopsy] taken at different angles to determine the mass of the breast), or a physical examination previously given by a doctor, a needle biopsy with a core can be used.
A larger needle (1/16 - 1/8 inch in diameter and 1/2 inch in length) than the one used in the FNA removes the small cylindrical core of the tissue due to a breast abnormality for the pathologist. Sometimes different samples can be taken from different areas of the mass, which is usually after local anesthesia (numbness of the area at the time of awakening) was given to the patient.
Vacuum Biopsy - A small incision (1/4 inch) is made in the chest after the area has been numbered with local anesthesia. The hollow probe is then inserted through the incision and into the mass of the mammary gland, where the rotating knife (inside the probe) receives tissue samples for examination. More than one sample can be taken from the same cut.
The probe is usually sent to the site by x-ray or ultrasound; however, it can also be used with an automated tissue extraction system (ATAC). Both biopsies with a vacuum biopsy and a core needle biopsy usually leave minimal scars on the chest.
Surgical (open surgery) biopsy - Rarely used biopsy to remove tissue mass samples for examination and only when it is considered reasonable to remove either part of the mass (preliminary biopsy) or the whole mass (excision biopsy). Both methods are performed using local anesthesia to numb breastfeeding and with a sedation compliment, usually administered by intravenous drip, to make the patient drowsy.
Due to the fact that the surgical method is more active, usually a small scar will be left for about 2-3 stitches and where edema, bruising and blood loss can be expected (usually short-term side effects), Although, open surgery biopsies are usually given as the last the result when other methods left an inconclusive result because of the area of the lesion (tissue mass).
All three methods of biopsy are usually given in an outpatient setting, and during wakefulness or drowsiness.
