Writing fruits is similar to writing, for example, flowers and / or vegetables. I think that one cannot limit the description of fruits, flowers or vegetables and some of the relevant botanical aspects, but if necessary and / or it makes sense to also take into account their origin, their trees or plants, the problem of symbolism and use them to put them from the kitchen into a religious shrine. to the pharmacy, as this was the case, as otherwise not only reading about them could become a little boring, but also because the picture will remain unfinished. If you disagree, please tell me how to use this to kindly tell you that there are bananas in Burma, and coconuts grow, and bananas are yellow and bend, where the coconut core is rounded to oval and brown? Do you understand what I mean? I admit that this article is a bit longer than my usual ones, because I also use a lot of botanical names (for nerds among you), but this will be neglected - so I hope - do an interesting reading. At least, I am very sure of this - learn from it. By the way, you will be surprised to learn that many flowers and / or fruits that you like are associated with families that you never expected. Could you suggest that the strawberry is a member of the Rosaceae family? Which flowers do you know the rose? Or did you know that the core of a banana stem and a banana blossom are not only edible, but also very tasty? These things and more will be revealed in this article.
Well, let's move on to opportunities and learn more about the fruits, in general, taking care of the fruits of Burma (since 1989 also called Myanmar), in particular.
Burma, like all tropical and subtropical countries, enjoys a climate that allows you to continuously grow, grow and pick fruits of both seasonal and year-round species. Possessing abundant humidity and warm and hot temperatures in the lowlands and a temperate climate in the mountains, it produces a wide variety of high quality fruits and in large quantities.
Speaking of the fruits of Burma, we must not only classify them into seasonal and year-round species, but also into almost grown and cultivated crops, such as apple and grapes or strawberries and fruits, such as mango, papaya or banana, which are native and exclusively growing in tropical and subtropical climates and countries.
In other words, apple, grapes and strawberries are not tropical / subtropical fruits because they cannot grow well without long periods with temperatures around 0 degrees Celsius / 32 degrees Fahrenheit, that is, without frost and without significant environmental conditions, such as proper food, soil drainage, proper degree of humidity, correct hours of sunshine / day, average temperature, amount of water, etc. Soil, water, and sunlight are not good enough for the soil, plant, or flower.
Trees and plants can grow in environments that are not adapted to become without interference, for example, by grafting and / or budding, of a long evolutionary process, but cannot fully reveal their respective qualities. Thus, do not expect from fruits that are not native to the tropics, what are you in terms of size, color, smell, taste, sweetness, juiciness, etc., which are used in your non-tropical country where these fruits are native . Do you have tropical or subtropical fruits, such as bananas, mangosteen or papayas, growing in northern Europe or northern North America? Do you understand what I mean?
Nonetheless, I will, without spending too much time on them, include some non-tropic fruits in this article, as they are cultivated in Burma and, we hope, in a combination of nature and men, for example, by crossing the desired parents or a useful mutation in standard options adapt to the climate here. At the end of this process of these fruits, new varieties with remarkable characteristics and qualities can be developed. Who knows? We cannot force nature to do its work; we can only help and learn from it. Therefore, do not blame Burma for the fact that these non-tropical fruits are not as good here as in the countries in which they are relatives, and do not blame me for recognizing this and simply telling the truth. Burma cannot do this because it is a matter of nature, and I am simply objective.
As for the first (apple, etc.), They are not as good in Burma as in other countries with a proper natural environment, but this should not be a problem for foreign guests in Burma who come from Europe or North America, because They have these fruits in their highest quality and abundance in their countries. After all, these people, of course, do not come to Burma to eat here the fruits that are grown in their home countries, perhaps in their own garden. In fact, they do not come to eat fruit, but once there it would be a shame not to eat them. They would miss something really wonderful. However, with regard to the latter (mango, etc.), Burma / Burma has much to offer, which is truly wonderful. Keep in mind, we are not talking about the fruits available in Burma when we are talking about the "Fruits of Burma". True, all types of fruits are available in developed countries, even the most exotic, and those fruits that are not available there simply do not exist anywhere, but tropical and subtropical fruits, such as those that exist in Burma, may be available in foreign countries but do not grow there.
Speaking of the fruits of Burma, we are talking about the fruits typical of Burma, and ripen here on a tree, shrub or stalk, and not artificially in storage, as those fruits that are defined for consumption in foreign countries, are pulled out mainly to not be overripe when it is absolutely displayed in stores in distant countries. In other words, fruits are often transported over long distances, which even today with our fast vehicles for a long time separate the tree from the fruit farmer to the shelf of the store, in which they are finally sold. They must get to their destination close or further, but not after the peak of their maturity, as the fruits quickly fall apart. Therefore, they are collected or collected before they almost reached this point in the tree. And it is of great importance in color, smell and taste. This is the difference that makes all that really eat fruit: cooking. And relish that you can bring Burma to Burma; they are treelike.
If you have a soft spot for tropical and subtropical fruits, Burma is a place because they grow. From A, as in Awza thee & or custard, as it is called in English, on Z, as in Zee thee & or plum, here you get something for every taste, even if you consider the fact that not everyone likes every fruit that may be true, especially for "Win." (durian) and / or Pein gne thee & (Jackfruit), which are very healthy and very much loved by almost all the locals, but not necessarily by foreigners, because at least their pungent smell, if that word, gets very used to; if it is possible at all, that is.
But what you get here is something for everyone, that's not all. As for some fruits that also grow in other tropical countries, in Burma you get the best of them.
Now, if you don't mind coming and accompanying me during my trip to the kingdom of the flora of Burma. Let's take a closer look at the fruits of Burma and thereby preserve the best, highlights of the journey, as if to the end. This trip is a little longer, but, as I hope, both informative and interesting. Fasten seat belts; like this. Non-tropical fruits grown in Burma, such as apples, grapes and strawberries.
Those tropical fruits that are native to Burma, and those that do not occur in Burma, but eventually become part of its native flora, fall into the category of fruits all year round, for example, banana, papaya, lemon, lime or sweet lime, grapefruit / pomelo , pomegranate, avocado, coconut and rice.
In the category of seasonal fruits, they are in the sequence of their season, for example, mango and jackfruit, durian and mangosteen, guava, rambutan, lychee, pineapple, choux, orange and watermelon.
Let's begin our journey with an apple, locally called “Pan thee” which, as stated above, although not native to Burma, has been cultivated here since British times. Since the local increase in quantity was not enough to meet the demand in terms of quantity and quality, the apples were imported, and, according to my friends who ate them, they were very tasty. However, apples are imported, for example, from China, but they are not very good. They are big and look good, but they have a way of flavors, sweets and juiciness are not much to offer, which should be written home. In addition, they are relatively expensive.
In Burma, apples are mostly cultivated in the northeastern part of the country, in the foothills of the Shan Mountains, where in higher areas around 3,510 feet / 1070 meters the European climate is, therefore temperatures are lower than usual tropical temperatures. But in size, smell, taste and color, they do not quite match the quality of those who grow in western countries, because the apples grown locally are rather tasteless, rather dry and not very sweet. As for the vitamin content, the level may not be as high as in Europe, so “An-apple-a-day-keep-the-doctor-away & # 39; The method may not work so well here.
Be that as it may, Pan & is in Burma, mostly eaten fresh, but can also serve as the main ingredients of deserts, such as fruit salads, propped apples, apple pie and apple strudel. They can also be processed into dried apple slices, jelly, pasteurized juice, canned sauce, cider, vinegar and apple brands. Apple updates as many flavors of many dishes as possible, but it can also be an integral and main part of dishes and, for example, is used as an ingredient in pickled white cage (sauerkraut), goes well with all kinds of game, is used as goose stuffing, and also prepares delicious food when stewing and in combination with potato pancake or boiled potatoes with bacon sauce or in combination with fried sausage.
Apples are widely cultivated in temperate regions, such as Northern Europe and North America, and the apple tree is best adapted to regions where the average temperature approaches or drops to freezing point and below. Here apples are better. Exact cooling requirements vary slightly from variety to variety, but apple trees can withstand temperatures as low as -40 degrees Celsius. His home is most likely the region between the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea.
Apple fruit develops from flowering, which has a rounded appearance and in white most with stripes or shades of rose. However, some types of apples bloom with white or red flowers. They are careful in size from a little more than cherries to grapefruit, and have five seed pockets. The number of seeds contained in them varies with variety. Apple trees introduce the genus "Malus" from the family Rosaceae. About seventy genera of the rose family are cultivated, for example, among the food among them is an apple and they consider it to be strawberry.
Strawberries are also cultivated here, although they are not native to Burma either. Strawberries do not have a local name, and therefore strawberries are also called here in Burma. This fruit, which constitutes the genus, Fragaria & quot; Rosachilaensis & # 39; despite the fact that it is less than, for example, in Europe, consumed species developed from Fragaria moschata. increasing during the cooler months of the year in the Pin Oo Lwin / Maimo region. Maymyo is located about 68 kilometers / 42.5 miles northeast of Mandalay in the hills of the mountains of the Shan Mountains.
The local variety is more like the forest strawberry Fragaria Vesca, but very sweet when it ripens.
Undoubtedly, this is good news for all those who cannot do without them for a short time and find themselves here in the right period from January to March, which - by that time - when northern strawberries had not yet entered the market in Northern Europe.
So, what is likely to immediately come to mind of the western early post-war generations of the Second World War, who visited Miamio / Puyin Oo Lwin in the strawberry season, is the battle of the Beatles of 1964 “Strawberry Forever”.
Strawberries are rich in zinc and vitamin B9 or folic acid, which is the coenzyme necessary for the formation of the body's protein and hemoglobin (an iron-protein compound in red blood cells) and quercetin, which helps alleviate allergies.
Strawberries are mainly eaten fresh with sugar and cream, but also turn into juice, syrup, wine, jam, used as the main ingredient in desserts such as fruit salad, ice cream and, for example, strawberry cake and pie.
Grape, the local name "Tha byet thee" - another example of the fruit, not native, but cultivated in Burma since three decades. They are grown in the Meiktila region (a division of Mandalay), but in terms of size, taste and sweetness are definitely inferior to, for example, European and North American grapes. They eat fresh, are processed into raisins, come and turn into wine, which is most often found on the sweet side. But the influx of a foreign specialist in recent years has led to the production of high-quality vines, which were mainly offered in high-class hotels and restaurants.
The banana, called “Hnget pyaw thee”, is similar to papaya, guava and lime, one of year-round tropical fruits. Banana tree and fruits are cultivated for their versatility. The local name hnget pyaw is a combination of "hnget & # 39; (originally recorded & quot;), which means "splitting" & # 39; which means as much as & and & thetas; that is, fruit.
The banana belongs to the Musaceae family. and constitutes the genus musa, one of which is classified as musa paradisiaca, the other musa textilis or manila hemp, and also abacus, which is native to the philippines. Fiber musa textilis, as its name is used to produce high-quality matting.
A family of bananas with two genera and about 40 species and many species is commonly found in the tropics and originated in Southeast Asia. Bananas have sterile flowers, and fruits develop unfertilized, so bananas do not contain seeds. The production of new plants by vegetative means and distribution comes from suckers that develop on the bases of old plants. Planted when they multiply endlessly. The banana tree is ubiquitous in Burma, although some species prefer certain regions. It is almost impossible to take a step without seeing another banana tree; even in big cities. They grow everywhere from plains to mountains at an altitude of 4000 feet.
In the tropics, annual stalks. They die after the improvement of the fetus, and then there are new stems from the buds at the root. Their growth is so fast that their fruits, as a rule, ripen within 10 months after planning the displacements. The banana fruit itself ripens in about 6 months, as reflected in local wisdom: “A bunch of bananas are ripe and suitable when children learn to sit.”
Stems that are not actually a stem, but overlapped by the base of the leaves, can grow to a height of 10 to 40 feet / 3 to 12 meters with crowns of large leaves up to 10 feet long / 3 meters. Flowers are born from the center of the crown and are located in a whistling clusters along the thorn. Flowers at the top are male flowers and those of the basic female flowers.
Bananas range from 4 to 12 inches / 10-30 centimeters, and the average clot weight is about 25 pounds / about 11 kg, some of which exceed 40 pounds / 18 kg. The edible part of banana fruits contains on average 75% water, 21% carbohydrates and about 1% fat, protein, fiber and ash. Usually, the banana has a yellow color, but there are also green, red and blue varieties, the latter being very rare.
After we have worked on a lot of common things related to the banana problem, we will now come to a part with a more local flavor and take a closer look at the Burma banana family. with about 12 members of the 25 varieties that are said to exist in Burma.
Our family. however, they consist of varieties that are mostly cultivated. Starting with the smallest, the first member of this family is Caverdidia, a small, sweet and slightly sour variety of Chinese cuisine with the local name Wet malut & or tree chin chin.
The other two members, locally called “Thee Hmwey” or fragrant fruit / banana fruits; these are golden yellow thin-skinned and even completely torn thin-skinned green. They are my favorite and very tasty. In my opinion, none of the European brands of the import standard is suitable for it. The fruit pulp of both colors is slightly yellowish white and not too soft.
Поскольку семья, которая должна быть полной, нуждается в матери, которую мы берем за нее, Нантхабу или короткий и ароматизированный. Нантхабу делает хорошую мать, потому что она мелкая, ароматная, мягкокожие, хорошо и округлой формы, сладкая с твердой, но мягкой текстурой (как и у hmwey) и не строгая.
Крупный брат мокрая малютка (самый маленький член семьи) - Hpee gyann & или «грубая рука», имя, которое указывает на то, что у плода есть здесь и там зернистые выемки. В отличие от других сортов, которые не очень толерантны к давлению, можно взять биф, поскольку он очень толстокожие. Плод очень толстый и угловатый по форме. Его мякоть немного кислая и зернистая и похожа на своего брата. или синий банан кожа которой покрывает серебристо-серые целебные свойства, так как это способствует перевариванию и движению лука.
Отец семейства бананов Бирмы является «Byat pyeih» или полный лоток. Бят-пейх огромен и поэтому прозван местными жителями. что означает «слоновый зуб». Плод громоздкий, и его куча очень тяжелая из-за гигантских размеров бананов этого сорта. Вы едите максимум четыре из них, и у вас определенно была ваша начинка. Съедобная часть плода сравнивается с другими разновидностями, довольно безвкусными и имеет довольно грубую текстуру, но тем не менее очень хорошо съедобна. I like it.
Старшим сыном и гордостью семьи является «Звезда» («Shweyni») или разновидность «Rubra» из Musa sapientum. Этот сорт известен также как золотой или красный банан. На ранней стадии он имеет зеленовато-коричневый цвет, но по мере его созревания он приобретает все более мерцающий красный цвет и местами красновато-золотисто-желтого цвета. Плоды почти такие же громоздкие и огромные, как байт пейх, и его мякоть немного мучнистая, ароматная. У этого есть легкий послевкусие, которое может быть не для всех, и больше на желтой стороне желтовато-белый. Shwe nga pyaw - любимый банан для церемониальных предложений и сравнительно дорогой.
Два других члена семьи находятся в штате Ракхайн на западном побережье Бирмы в Бенгальском заливе. Они локально называются Rakhine nga pyaw. или банана Ракхина и Nga paw chin # или кислый банан. Rakhine nga paw называют араканцами (гражданами Ракхина). или индийский банан. Плод имеет круглое тело с желтой и тонкой кожей. Мякоть мягкая, желтовато-белая и имеет очень приятный сладкий вкус, что заставляет задуматься. Nga pyaw gyin (кислый банан), так как название подразумевает немного более строгий и меньший по размеру, чем Rakhine nga pyaw, но довольно вкусный.
Следующий - также ароматный тип - Musa sapientum var. Champa, локально называемый & quot; Htawbhat nga pyaw или # масло банана, что дает уже информацию о том, что целлюлоза этого сорта имеет сливочную текстуру. Вкус приятный, слегка ароматный, кожа тонкая и желтая. Лично я считаю, что мякоть слишком мягкая, но вкус хороший.
Последний член нашего семейства бананов Бирмы локально называется & quot; Thange zar & или «Детское питание». Его мякоть несколько зернистая, сладкая и слегка жесткая. По размеру плод довольно мал, а его кожа желтая.
Банановые фрукты обычно едят в свежем состоянии либо в виде еды, либо между ними. Тем не менее, он также служит главными ингредиентами различных тортов, глубоко обжаренных с пальто из теста из рисовой муки, как блин, заполненным или покрытым слоем шоколада на палочке. Он также сохраняется в хрустящие, сушеные ломтики (банановые чипсы) с медом и без него.
Но это не только плоды банана. Его цветок и ядро стебля тоже очень вкусные. Красные лепестки цветка бутона на вершине шипа дают очень вкусный салат.
Ломтики ядра стебля бананового дерева являются показательной частью очень популярного завтрака в Бирме, который представляет собой густой, перечный, желтый рыбный суп / соус из рыбы, банановый стебель, имбирь , чеснок, лимонную траву, масло, чили-порошок и куркуму, которая питается рисовой лапшой. Это очень, очень вкусно.
Наконец, банановый зародыш также является мотивом архитектурного дизайна, локально называемым «Hnget pyaw». и играет такую важную роль в буддийской архитектуре. Банановый бутон можно увидеть на усталых крышах пагод, монастырей и шпилях ступ.
Следующие круглогодичные фрукты в Бирме - это цитрусовые, редко - лимон, лайм и грейпфрут / помело.
Цитрус - это общее название нескольких связанных вечнозеленых деревьев и кустарников семейства rue и обычно для фруктов, которые они производят. Это включает цитрон, грейпфрут, шаддок / помело, лимон, лайм, апельсин, мандарин и бергамот (грушевидный апельсин). Цитрусовые являются родными для Юго-Восточной Азии, принадлежат к семейству Rutaceae & и измерить род цитрусовых.
Лимон, также из категории «круглый год», локально называется «Than ma yo thee», развивается из цветков с пятью лепестками, которые на верхней поверхности белые и на нижней поверхности розоватые. Деревья выращиваются в тропических и субтропических регионах и являются маленькими и тернистыми. Они растут примерно до 10-20 футов / 3-6 метров в высоту и редко покрыты листвой.
Лимонный плод имеет бледно-желтый цвет, эллиптически сформированный и технически ягодный. Его целлюлозные консистенты от 8 до 10 сегментов имеют светло-желтый цвет и содержат небольшие, заостренные, белые семена. Корка, окружающая фрукты, содержит масло из лимона, которое используется при производстве парфюмерии и ароматизатора лимона. Плод собирают шесть-десять раз в год, а зрелое лимонное дерево может производить от 1000 до 2000 плодов в этот период.
Как правило, плод из-за его жесткости не съеден, а культивируется для его сока, который освежает и обладает лечебными свойствами и вкусом. Лимонный сок и / или сироп широко используются в качестве ингредиентов напитков, как напиток, салатная заправка и как ароматизатор. Целлюлоза лимона используется для приготовления концентрированного лимонного сока, который используется для его высокого содержания витамина С и аскорбиновой кислоты.
В Бирме лимонный сок гораздо предпочтительнее, чем сейчас, для пожилых членов семьи в течение полнолунного дня Thadingyut, который выпадает на сентябрь / октябрь. Лимон - это антисептик и благодаря своему витаминному содержимому муравьиный scorbutic, которые являются свойствами, способствующими сохранению зубов и костей, очисткой примесей организма и профилактикой заболеваний. Лимон классифицируется как «Citris limon».
Известь относится к Юго-Восточной Азии и в основном относится к тропическим регионам. Его местное название - Tham ya thee & и его плод развивается из белых цветов, у которых есть пять лепестков. Он имеет сферическую форму с овальной формой с толстой желтоватой кожурой. Мягкая мякоть сегментов кислотная, сочная и желтовато-зеленого цвета. Липовое дерево растет на высоту ок. 15 футов / 4,6 метра. Сок лайма содержит небольшое количество витамина С. Известь классифицируется как «цитрусовая аурентифолия». и лимон Perrin как цитрусовый лимон aurantifolia.
Теперь мы дошли до конца этого долгого путешествия по флоре Бирмы, и я надеюсь, что вам понравилось (я сделал все, что мог, чтобы все было занятно), и по нашему пути развил аппетит к « Плоды Бирмы. Они находятся в лучшем состоянии здесь, в Бирме, где они растут и ждут вас.
