Introduction
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a system of interconnected hypertext documents containing text, images, audio, video, animation, and more. The user can view and navigate through these documents using hyperlinks or navigation elements that have links to another document or section of the same document. In a broader sense, “The World Wide Web is the universe of information available on a network, the embodiment of human knowledge.”
The history of the world wide web
WWW was first proposed in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Kailau while working at CERN, the European Council on Nuclear Research. Both of them came up with their individual proposal for hypertext systems, and then merged and offered a joint proposal. In this joint proposal, the term “Wide Web” was first introduced. In the history of each invention a lot of history. Similarly, the World Wide Web also has a lot of prehistoric gradual development of the hypertext system and Internet protocols that made WWW possible. Gradual development began in early 1945 with the development of Memex, a microfilm based device for storing a huge number of documents and facilitating the organization of these documents. Later in 1968, Hypertext was introduced, which simplified communication and document organization. In 1972, DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Agency) embarked on a project that brings together all research centers to facilitate the exchange of data, which were subsequently adopted for the exchange of military information. In 1979, SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) was invented to enable document sharing for a large government project, separating content from presentation and then presenting the same document in different ways. In 1989, Tim Berners-le came out using the network hypertext system created at the CERN laboratory. In 1990, a joint proposal was submitted for the hypertext system and the term “World Wide Web” was first introduced. In 1992, the first portable browser was released by CERN, and this sparked interest in web development. Today the network is so popular and has become so welcome in our lives; it becomes almost impossible to imagine a world without the Internet.
Web evolution - what and how?
Each technology has certain distinctive characteristics and features. Such a network has certain features such as data, services, clutter, API, social platform and more. These functions are constantly and gradually developed at different stages with qualitative improvements in comparison with the existing ones. Web evolution is classified and inflated with some fancy marketing terms, such as Web 1.0, Web 2.0, Social Web, Web 3.0, Pragmatic Semantic Web, Pragmatic Web, and many others.
Yihun Dean, PhD candidate at Brigham Young University, in his article “The Evolution of the Internet” explained the development of the Network, likewise comparing it with human growth. Yihun Dean stated: “The relationship between web pages and their webmasters is similar to the relationship between children and their parents: a new school stage, a preschool stage, elementary school, a teenage stage, etc. Similarly, the network has its own such as Web 1.0 , Web 2.0, etc.
Along with the technological advancement, web design has also changed over time. The original design was a simple read-only hypertext system that allowed users to read the information. The user was simply a spectator of what is presented on the Internet. Gradually, images and tables were added with the evolution of HTML and web browsers, which made it possible to make a better design. The development of photo editing tools, web development tools and content management tools allowed the designer to start creating visually appealing web design layouts. In the next phase of development, web design has changed with a change in usability, and the focus is redirected to the users, not the content of the website. User interaction and social contact apply to web design. Now the user is not just a viewer. The user can control the Internet with feedback, information sharing, evaluation and personalization. Gradually, we got a mature combination of functions, form, content, and interaction, called "Reading / Writing on the Internet." Continuing this evolution, the value is added to the information provided on the Internet, so that online virtual human representatives can read and interpret the information presented. This type of network, where a user agent that imitates a person’s behavior can read and understand information using artificial intelligence, is called a semantic network.
Web 1. 0 (read only)
The World Wide Web is developing in stages. The first step was the basic read-only hypertext system, also called Web 1.0 from Web 2.0 cheating. In fact, in the original proposed web model, Tim Berners-Lee presented the network as a read / write model using the HTTP PUT and HTTP DELETE methods. These methods are almost never used for security reasons.
Some of the features of Web 1.0
1. In Web 1.0, the webmaster constantly takes responsibility for content management and updates it. Most content hyperlinks are usually assigned by the webmaster.
2. Web 1.0 does not support bulk publishing. The content on the website is published by the webmaster and, thus, does not leak the collective intelligence of users.
3. Web 1.0 uses a basic hypertext language to publish content on the Internet.
4. Web 1.0 pages do not support machine readable content. Only a person who is a web reader can understand the content.
5. Web 1.0 provides contact information (email address, telephone number, fax or address) for communication. Users must use the offline world to further communicate with this contact information.
6. In Web 1.0, web pages are designed for real response based on a programmed state. A specific result or response is generated when the programmed condition is met. The Web 1.0 model does not understand the remote request and cannot prepare a response for a potential request in advance. To clearly understand the above characteristics of web 1.0, Yihong Ding in his article “The Evolution of the World Wide Web” similarly compared World of Web 1.0 with the world of a newborn baby.
Newborn Baby: I have parents
Web page 1.0: Webmasters
Newborn baby: Watch me, but I will not explain
Web 1.0 Page: People realize that cars don't
Newborn baby: talk to your parents if you want to discuss about me
Web-1.0 Page: Contact information (email, phone number, fax, address, ...)
Newborn baby: My parents decide who my friends are. In fact I do not care
Web 1.0 Page: usually specified web links
Newborn baby: Hug me, I smile; hit me i cry (conditioned reflex)
Web 1.0 Page: Reactive functions on web pages
Source: Analogy from the Yihong Ding article from http://www.deg.byu.edu/ding/WebEvolution/evolution-review.html#w1:1 “Web pages 1.0 are only children.
Web 2.0 (read web entries)
“Web 2.0 is the understanding that the network is a platform, and on the network, the role of the platform for business, and the cardinal role is the addition of value by the user. Use this and this web 2.0 secret.
Web 2.0 is a business revolution in the computer industry, driven by the transition to the Internet as a platform, and an attempt to understand the rules of success on this new platform. "[4]
In Web 2.0, the idea of Consumer (Users) and Producer (Web Master) dissolves. Web 2.o is more about user connections and interactions. Web 2.0 is all about participation. “Content is King”, which is often quoted during the early website for 1.0 days, is now included in “User is the King” in Web 2.0. In Web 2.0, users communicate through blogs, wikis and social networking sites. Everything on the Internet is tagged to simplify and speed up navigation. Web 2.0 also integrates everything on one page with tags and AJAX with improved usability in a large number of spaces and a cleaner layout. API capabilities allow programmers to blur data channels and databases to cross reference information from multiple sources on a single page. Unlike web 1.0, Web 2.0 has the collective intelligence of millions of users.
Web 2.0 is an advanced version of the World Wide Web with a changing role and a growing business model, where users learned how to communicate with other users, rather than just communicate with the content publisher.
Some of the features of Web 2.0
1. Web 2.0 is the second version of the Web that provides the RIA (Rich Internet Application), with the result that you can enable desktop functions such as Drag and Drop on your web page in your browser.
2. SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) is a key element in Web 2.0. Buzzwords around SOA are Feeds, RSS, web services, and mash up, which define how a Web 2.0 application creates functionality so that other applications can flow and integrate these functions, providing a much richer set of applications.
3. Web 2.0 is a social network. A Web 2.0 application tends to interact more with the end user. End users are not only users of the application, but also participants, whether they are content tagging, regardless of whether they participate in a wiki or make a podcast for blogging. Because of the social nature of the end-user, the application is an interval portion of the data for the application, providing feedback and allowing the application to use this user to use it.
4. In Web 2.0, philosophy and strategy are what the “Internet is open”. Content is available for moving and editing by any user. The content of the website is not controlled by the people who created the website, but by those who use the website.
5. In Web 2.0, data is the driving force. Users spend much more time on the Internet and start generating content in their passive time. Web 2.0 requires some key technologies to be used in the development of web pages. One of the important technologies is AJAX, which supports the development of a rich user interface.
6. Web 2.0 websites typically include some of the following key technologies.
- RSS (Really Simple Syndication), which allows users to syndicate, aggregate, and customize data notifications using feeds.
- Mashups, which allows you to combine content from different sources, allowing a new form of information reuse through an open interface or API.
- Wikis and forums to support user-created content.
- Marking that allows users to specify and attach a humanoid keyword to a web resource.
- AJAX - Asynchronous Java Script and XML, which is a web development technology that allows you to share interactive data behind the scenes without a link to a web page.
To clearly understand the above characteristics of Web 2.0, Yihong Ding in his article “The Evolution of the World Wide Web” similarly compared World of Web 2.0 with the world of a preschool child.
Preschool Child: I have parents
Web 2.0 Page: Webmasters (blog owners)
Preschool children: parents teach me knowledge (although often not very well organized)
Web 2.0 Page: Marking
Preschool children: I understand, but perhaps inaccuracy and incorrectness
Web 2.0 Page: Folksonomy
Preschool children: I can deliver and distribute messages, especially for my parents
Web 2.0 Page: Blogging Technology
Preschool children: who are my friends, mostly determined by my parents. social activities and their teaching
Web 2.0 Page: Social Network
Preschool children: Many of us can be coordinated to do something besides individual abilities.
Web 2.0 page: web widget, mashup
Preschool children: I can make an offer based on my communication with friends
Web 2.0 Page: Collective Intelligence
The following table distinguishes between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0.
Web 1.0: Reading
Web 2.0: Reading / Writing
Web 1.0: Publish
Web 2.0: reviews, reviews, personalization
Web 1.0 talks about: Linking content using hyperlinks
Web 2.0: mashup
Web 1.0: Companies
Web 2.0 is: CommunityCommunity
Web 1.0: Client Server
Web 2.0: Equal
Web 1.0: about: HTML
Web 2.0: XML
Web 1.0:
Web 2.0: Blogs and Wikis
Web 1.0: about portals
Web 2.0: RSS
Web 1.0: about taxonomy
Web 2.0: Tags
Web 1.0: About the owner
Web 2.0: Sharing
Web 1.0: About Web Form
Web 2.0: Web Application
Web 1.0: about the cost of equipment
Web 2.0: Bandwidth Cost
Web 3. 0 (Semantic Web)
The web no longer links or places information and resources. With the advent of the concept of a semantic network, special information is attached to resources or information so that a machine can understand and read just like a person.
Timer Berner Lee introduced
"I have a dream for the Internet [in which computers] Become able to analyze all data on the Internet - content, links and transactions between people and computers. The “semantic web site”, which should make this possible, has not yet appeared, but when it, the everyday mechanisms of commerce, bureaucracy and our daily life will be processed by machines talking on machines.
The Semantic Internet got its vision of the Internet as a universal medium for exchanging data, information and knowledge. Web 3.0 or Semantic Web is the executable phase of web development, in which dynamic applications provide interactive services and facilitate the interaction between machines and machines. Tim Berner Lee further stated
“People always ask what is Web 3.0. I think maybe when you have scalable vector graphics overlaid — everything that spins, stacks up and looks hazy — on Web 2.0 and access to a semantic Web integrated across a huge data space, you will have access to an incredible data resource. The semantic network is an extension of the World Wide Web in which web content is expressed in machine-readable language, and not only in the language of nature, so user agents can read, process and understand content using artificial intelligence that mimics human behavior. In other words, the Semantic Web is an extension of the network where the expressed content can be processed independently by intelligent software agents.
There may be several agents that can be programmed in the context of the vocabulary of a vertical area.
for example
A “travel agent” who continues to search for tickets to the chipset based on your criteria and notifies you when it becomes ideal.
“Personal Shopper Agent”, which continues to search for a specific product on eBay and get it for you as soon as it finds one that matches all your criteria.
Simply, we can have a "real estate agent", "an agent of financial financial consultant" and many others.
All that the user does is simply to create his own personal agent, who negotiates with web services that are publicly disclosed there, taking care of many repetitive tasks.
Similarly, Web 3.0 = Every person + Every device + Every information
Characteristics of the semantic network
1. Unlike database-based websites, the Semantic Web database is not centralized.
2. Semantic Web is an open system in which the scheme is not fixed, as any arbitrary data source may be required.
Semantic Web requires the use of metadata description languages, such as the Web ontology language and the Resource Description Framework (RDF). Annotation takes a lot of time and effort.
Web n.0 - a look at the future
Let me add one more element to the previous formula.
Web 3.0 = every person + every device + every information = everything in the context of modern technology advancement.
Web 3.0 is still evolving, and it will cover everything. In the current technological progress can not imagine anything other than web 3.0.
Destroying all modern technological capabilities, Raymond Kurzweil, inventor of OCR (optical character reader), introduced Web 4.0 as a web-based OS with intelligent user agents operating parallel to the human brain. The following figure illustrates the evolution of the Web along with the development of technology and the semantics of social connections. Source: Nova Spivack and Radar Networks
Conclusion
The evolution of the network went through the stages mentioned in this article and introduced numerous technologies and concepts in various fields; software, communications, hardware, marketing, advertising, content sharing, advertising, finance, and more.
To some extent, the World Wide Web has changed the way people used to look at things before. I believe that this evolution never ends and does not move towards perfection.
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