Eczema is an inflammatory, non-contagious condition that affects the surface of the skin. The disease usually includes the acute phase (which is characterized by inflammation, erythema, edema, and pemphigus), sub-acute (with inflammatory symptoms, such as papules and vesicles) and the chronic phase (during which the thickness of the skin surface and the stratum corneum is indicated, leading to cracks ). One of the symptoms that is always present is itching, which causes the sufferer to scratch the bubbles that cause bleeding, which can lead to viral and bacterial infections.
The main types of the disease are contact eczema, atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) and seborrheic eczema:
- Eczema contact is the most common type and is caused by the reaction of the skin to exogenous substances of various kinds (chemical or biological). Contact dermatitis causes the appearance of erythema, edema and blistering, which leads to crises. The initial lesions are located in the area of the skin that was exposed to the substance, but could also spread to other areas. There are many substances that can cause this type of disease: metals (cobalt, chromium, nickel), drugs (antibiotics, antihistamines), cosmetics (deodorants, nail polish, hair dyes), products used at home (soap, detergents, ..). Sometimes there is a period of at least 6-10 days before the onset of symptoms.
- Atopic eczema is often associated with a family history of allergic diseases. The causes of this disease are unknown, but may be caused by substances swollen or ingested. There are probably several factors, such as genetic, immunological and environmental factors. It usually occurs in the first months of life and is less common among adults.
- Seborrheic eczema is characterized by the appearance of large erythematous spots and mainly affects the scalp, face and chest. It is sometimes observed in people suffering from dandruff. It can affect children, but is more common in adult males.
How to get rid of eczema:
- Avoid certain foods: some foods contain substances (such as histamine and tyramine) that can worsen the situation: strawberries, citrus fruits, bananas, pineapple, raspberries, avocados, melons, tomatoes, spinach, potato starch, peanuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds , beans, peas, chickpeas, lentils, eggs, fermented cheeses (Parmesan, pecorino, cheddar, blue cheese), yogurt, brewer's yeast, chocolate, sausages, canned food, cubes, clams, seafood, canned fish (tuna, sardines, anchovies) .
- Always wear cotton or linen clothing and wash your laundry at 60 ° with mild soap.
- At night, use cotton sheets, cotton pajamas and light covers to avoid sweating.
- At home, keep the temperature around 18-20 ° (too much heat can increase sweating, which irritates the skin and causes itching).
- Avoid the presence of dogs and cats in the house, if possible.
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